The Mediating Role of Internet Addiction in the Relationship Between Self-Efficacy and Social Adjustment Among Adolescent Girls from Military Families

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Master's Degree in Ccounseling, Family Orientation, Tehran Branch, Refah University, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor, Counseling, Professor, Non-Governmental Welfare School, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to examine the mediating role of internet addiction in the relationship between self-efficacy and social adjustment among adolescent girls from military families. This descriptive research was correlational in nature. The statistical population of this study included adolescent girls from military families who were studying in 2024, from which 249 participants were selected through purposive sampling based on specific inclusion criteria. The measurement tools used in the study included Kimberly Young’s Internet Addiction Questionnaire (1998), the Morris Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (2002), and Bell’s Social Adjustment Questionnaire (1961). The findings of the study were analyzed based on multiple regression tests. The results indicated that there is a correlation between self-efficacy and its components with the variable of internet addiction and social adjustment (p<0.05). Accordingly, social self-efficacy and emotional self-efficacy were found to have a significant indirect effect on social adjustment mediated by internet addiction , while this mediating role was not confirmed for academic self-efficacy. As a result, there is a significant relationship between self-efficacy and its components with social adjustment mediated by internet addiction. These findings highlight the importance of addressing internet addiction in the social processes of adolescent girls from military families and can serve as a basis for designing intervention programs aimed at enhancing self-efficacy and social adjustment in this age group.
 

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

افشاری، ثنا و نجاری، مسعود. (1401). سازگاری اجتماعی در نوجوانان دختر: نقش پیش‌بین بهزیستی روان‌شناختی و کفایت اجتماعی. مجله راهبردهای نو در روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، 16 (1)، 71-63.
جوزی، حسن؛ رمضان پور، فرزنانه و بگیان کوله مرز، محمدجواد. (1401). الگوی ساختاری سبک‌های دل‌بستگی، سه‌گانه تاریک شخصیت، حساسیت به طرد شدن با اعتیاد به شبکه‌های اجتماعی با میانجی‌گری مهارت‌های ارتباطی در دانش‌آموزان. مجله پژوهش‌های روانشناسی اجتماعی، 1 (4)، 18-6.
ربانی، زینب. (1402). پیش‌بینی بهزیستی روان‌شناختی و سازگاری اجتماعی بر اساس الگوی ارتباط والد-فرزند در نوجوانان با والدین مطلقه در شهر همدان. فصلنامه روانشناسی شناختی، 2 (1)، 51-42.
رستمی، امیر مسعود؛ احدی، حسن؛ ابوالعمالی الحسینی، خدیجه و درتاج، فریبرز. (1401). اثربخشی آموزش صلح برافزایش خودکارآمدی و تاب‌آوری در دانش‌آموزان. فصلنامه علوم روان‌شناختی، 113 (11)، 29-18.
زارع میرک آباد، اعظم و جعفری، طیبه. (1401). نقش واسطه‌ای بهزیستی روانی در رابطه میان دل‌بستگی به خدا و سازگاری عاطفی، اجتماعی و آموزشی نوجوانان دختر. فصلنامه خانواده و پژوهش، 19 (3)، 128-113.
زارع، محبوبه؛ آقا زیارتی، علی؛ ملک شیخی، سمیه و شریفی، مسعود. (1397). اثربخشی آموزش ذهن آگاهی در مقایسه با تنظیم هیجان بر سازگاری دانش‌آموزان نوجوان دچار اختلال کاستی توجه/فزون کنشی. مجله روانشناسی کاربردی، 12 (2)، 46-30.
سپهوند، محمدجعفر؛ جوادی، مهروز؛ خاقانی زاده، مرتضی؛ مختاری، جمیله و باباجانی وفسی، سعید. (1399). شناخت مکانیسم‌های مقابله‌ای در مواجهه با عوامل استرس‌زا در پرسنل نظامی. مجله طب نظامی، 22 (3)، 251-244.
صدر نژاد، متین السادات. (1401). رابطه بهزیستی روان‌شناختی و احساس تنهایی و کیفیت زندگی با اعتیاد به شبکه‌های اجتماعی مجازی با تأکید بر اینستاگرام در دانش‌آموزان مقطع متوسطه دوم شهرستان آمل. نشریه پژوهش‌های کاربردی در مدیریت و علوم انسانی، 6 (1)، 52-62.
گلرخ، نگین؛ شیخان، ریحانه و سجادی، مرضیه. (1403). رابطه طلاق عاطفی والدین با بحران هویت، تاب‌آوری هیجانی و سازگاری اجتماعی نوجوانان. نشریه روانشناسی مثبت: پژوهش‌ها و کاربردها، 1 (1)، 26-39.
میرزایی، زینب و بنیسی، پریناز. (1401). اثربخشی آموزش قصه درمانی در درک مفاهیم اخلاقی، اضطراب و افسردگی، هوش هیجانی و خودکارآمدی در کودکان پسر و دختر. نشریه رویکردی نو بر آموزش کودکان، 3 (13)، 108-95.
نگهداری، سمیه و صیف، محمدحسن. (1401). ارائه مدل علّی انعطاف‌پذیری شناختی و اعتیاد به شبکه‌های اجتماعی: نقش واسطه‌ای خودکارآمدی، بهزیستی روان‌شناختی و همدلی شناختی در بین دانش‌آموزان دوره متوسطه شهر شیراز. مجله شناخت اجتماعی، 11 (22)، 65-53.
واحدی، علی. (1403). رابطه بین سخت رویی و تنظیم شناختی هیجان با سازگاری فردی و اجتماعی نوجوانان. نشریه دانش انتظامی خراسان شمالی، 44 (11)، 124-103.
Allen, E., Knopp, K., Rhoades, G., Stanley, S., & Markman, H. (2018). Between-and within-subject associations of PTSD symptom clusters and marital functioning in military couples. Journal of Family Psychology, 32(1), 134.
Aslan, I., & Polat, H. (2024). Investigating social media addiction and impact of social media addiction, loneliness, depression, life satisfaction and problem-solving skills on academic self-efficacy and academic success among university students. Frontiers in Public Health, 12, 1359691.‏
Awopetu, R. G., Olabimitan, B. A., Kolawole, S. O., Newton, R. T., Odok, A. A., & Awopetu, A. V. (2024). The Systematic Review of Social Media Addiction and Mental Health of Nigerian University Students: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly. European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, 2(1), 767-788.‏
Baumert, J., Becker, M., Jansen, M., & Köller, O. (2024). Cultural identity and the academic, social, and psychological adjustment of adolescents with immigration background. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 53(2), 294-315.‏ ‏
Berte, D. Z., Mahamid, F. A., & Affouneh, S. (2021). Internet addiction and perceived self-efficacy among university students. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 19(1), 162-176.‏
Bian, Q., Chen, X., Li, D., Liu, J., Fu, R., Cui, L., & Liu, S. (2025). Self-reported shyness and social and school adjustment in children and adolescents. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 01650254241312130.‏
Brailovskaia, J., & Margraf, J. (2022). Positive mental health and mindfulness as protective factors against addictive social media use during the COVID-19 outbreak. Plos one, 17(11), e0277631.‏
Chen, D., Wen, X., Zhou, Y., Zhang, Q., & Xu, W. (2024). Cognitive flexibility and social adjustment in daily life among children: The role of perceived social support. Current Psychology, 43(20), 18463-18473.
Chen, X., Zhou, J., Li, D., Liu, J., & Cui, L. (2024). Affinity for solitude in Chinese children and adolescents: Relations with social, school, and psychological adjustment. Developmental Psychology, 60(5), 954.‏
Clemente, J., Kilag, O. K., Ypon, A., Groenewald, E., Groenewald, C. A., & Ubay, R. (2024). Enhancing Mathematics Self-Efficacy: Intervention Strategies and Effectiveness–A Systematic Review. International Multidisciplinary Journal of Research for Innovation, Sustainability, and Excellence (IMJRISE), 1(2), 274-280.‏
Favini, A., Culcasi, F., Cirimele, F., Remondi, C., Plata, M. G., Caldaroni, S., ... & Luengo Kanacri, B. P. (2024). Smartphone and social network addiction in early adolescents: The role of self‐regulatory self‐efficacy in a pilot school‐based intervention. Journal of Adolescence, 96(3), 551-565.‏
Folkvord, S. E., & Risa, C. F. (2023). Factors that enhance midwifery students’ learning and development of self-efficacy in clinical placement: A systematic qualitative review. Nurse Education in Practice, 66, 103510.‏
Huang, Q., Cheung, A. C., Xu, J., & Jiang, Y. (2025). Intercultural learning and adolescents’ global competence: The mediating effect of self-efficacy. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 105, 102143.‏
Jia, W., Liu, L., & Peng, G. (2024). The Impact of Social Media on Users’ Self-Efficacy and Loneliness: An Analysis of the Mediating Mechanism of Social Support. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 593-612.‏
Juang, L. P., Schwarzenthal, M., & Schachner, M. K. (2024). Heritage culture and national identity trajectories: Relations to classroom cultural diversity climate and socioemotional adjustment for adolescents of immigrant descent. Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft, 27(1), 63-87.‏
Kalınkara, Y., & Talan, T. (2025). Psychological balances in the digital world: Dynamic relationships among social media addiction, depression, anxiety, academic self-efficacy, general Belongingness, and life satisfaction. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 186(2), 85-113.‏
Kurt, B., Özbaş, N., & Çulha, İ. (2024). An Evaluation of the Association Between Digital Addiction and Academic Self-Efficacy within Nursing Faculty Students. Sağlık Bilimleri ve Klinik Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3(3), 104-112.‏
Li, M., Yu, J., Coplan, R. J., Bowker, J. C., Xu, G., & Ding, X. (2025). The significance of best friends' motivations for social withdrawal: Associations with socio‐emotional adjustment in Chinese children and adolescents. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 35(1), e13043.‏
Meng, Q., & Zhang, Q. (2023). The influence of academic self-efficacy on university students’ academic performance: The mediating effect of academic engagement. Sustainability, 15(7), 5767.‏
Mitchell, K. M., Zumbrunn, S., Berry, D. N., & Demczuk, L. (2023). Writing self-efficacy in postsecondary students: A scoping review. Educational Psychology Review, 35(3), 82.‏
ÖZHAN, M. B. (2021). Academic self-efficacy and school burnout in university students: Assessment of the mediating role of grit. Current Psychology, 40(9), 4235-4246.‏
Paul, N., & Glassman, M. (2017). Relationship between internet self-efficacy and internet anxiety: A nuanced approach to understanding the connection. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 33(4).‏ ‏
Rai, S., Stade, E. C., Giorgi, S., Francisco, A., Ungar, L. H., Curtis, B., & Guntuku, S. C. (2024). Key language markers of depression on social media depend on race. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 121(14), e2319837121.‏
Santos, W. R. D., de Oliveira, R. L., & Paraboni, I. (2024). SetembroBR: a social media corpus for depression and anxiety disorder prediction. Language Resources and Evaluation, 58(1), 273-300.‏
Schunk, D. H. (2023). Self-regulation of self-efficacy and attributions in academic settings. In Self-regulation of learning and performance (pp. 75-99). Routledge.‏
White-Gosselin, C. É., & Poulin, F. (2024). Associations between young adults’ social media addiction, relationship quality with parents, and internalizing problems: A path analysis model. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science/Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement, 56(1), 61.‏
Yam, F. C., Yıldırım, O., & Köksal, B. (2024). The mediating and buffering effect of resilience on the relationship between loneliness and social media addiction among adolescent. Current Psychology, 43(28), 24080-24090.‏
Yigiter, M. S., Demir, S., & Dogan, N. (2024). The relationship between problematic social media use and depression: A meta-analysis study. Current Psychology, 43(9), 7936-7951.‏
Zhao, Y., Niu, J., Huang, J., & Meng, Y. (2024). A bifactor representation of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for children: gender and age invariance and implications for adolescents’ social and academic adjustment. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 18(1), 27.‏
Military Psychology
Volume 17, Issue 2 - Serial Number 66
Serial number 66. Summer 2026
July 2026
Pages 85-108

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 17 December 2025
  • Revise Date: 05 June 2026
  • Accept Date: 14 July 2026

Share

How to cite

Statistics