تاثیر یک دوره تمرینات شناختی و مقاومتی بر کارکرد اجرایی و عملکرد تیراندازان نیمه ماهر با تفنگ بادی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه علوم رفتاری و شناختی ورزشی دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری گروه رفتارحرکتی، پردیس البرز دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار گروه فیزیولوژی فعالیت ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی و تندرستی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

4 استاد گروه علوم رفتاری و شناختی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی و تندرستی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

5 استادیار گروه علوم رفتاری و شناختی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی و تندرستی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هدف از انجام این تحقیق بررسی تاثیر تمرینات مقاومتی و شناختی بر عملکرد تیراندازی و کارکردهای اجرایی تیراندازان نیمه ماهر بود. روش اجرا، نیمه تجربی، با هدف کاربردی و به شیوه پیش آزمون- پس آزمون همراه با گروه کنترل انجام شد. 30 نفر از دانشجویان یک مرکز نظامی در شهر تهران، نمونه‌های آماری این تحقیق بودند و در دو گروه تجربی و کنترل قرار گرفتند، پیش آزمون شامل تکلیف 60 شلیک جهت ارزیابی عملکرد تیراندازی و آزمون ان-بک و استروپ به ترتیب جهت ارزیابی حافظه کاری و بازداری به عمل آمد. سپس گروه تجربی 6 هفته، هفته‌ای 2 جلسه تمرین ترکیبی مقاومتی و شناختی را انجام دادند. از آزمون تحلیل کوواریانس برای تجزیه وتحلیل داده‌ها استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد در متغیر عملکرد تیراندازی، حافظه کاری و بازداری بین دو گروه تفاوت معنادار وجود داشت (05/0p<). نتیجه کلی تحقیق نشان داد یک دوره مداخله تمرین مقاومتی و شناختی بر مولفه حافظه کاری، بازداری و عملکرد تیراندازان تاثیر مثبت دارد. در واقع، مداخله انجام شده باعث بهبود مولفه حافظه کاری و بازداری به عنوان مولفه‌های زیربنایی و اساسی عملکردهای مختلف شناختی و حرکتی از جمله تیراندازی شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of combined physical and cognitive training on shooting performance and executive function of semi-skilled air rifle shooters

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahboubeh Ghayour Najaf Abadi 1
  • ehsan khazaie 2
  • parisa pournemati 3
  • mahmoud sheikh 4
  • zeinab bahrami ehsan 5
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Sports Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 PhD student, Department of Behavioral Behavior, Alborz Campus, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Sports Activity Physiology Department, Faculty of Sports and Health Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
4 Professor, Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Sports Sciences, Faculty of Sports and Health Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
5 Assistant Professor, Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Sports Sciences, Faculty of Sports and Health Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of resistance and cognitive training on shooting performance and executive functions of semi-skilled shooters. The implementation method was semi-experimental, with a practical purpose and was carried out in a pre-test-post-test manner with a control group. 30 students of a military center in Tehran were the statistical samples of this research and were placed in two experimental and control groups. The pre-test included the task of 60 shots to evaluate the shooting performance and N-back and Stroop tests respectively to evaluate memory. Work and prevention was done. Then, the experimental group performed 2 sessions of combined resistance and cognitive training for 6 weeks. Analysis of covariance test was used to analyze the data. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups in shooting performance, working memory and inhibition variables (p<0.05). The general result of the research showed that a course of resistance and cognitive training interventions has a positive effect on the performance and components of the executive function of shooters. In fact, the performed interventions improved the working memory component and inhibition as the underlying and basic components of various cognitive and motor functions, including shooting.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • combined training
  • shooting
  • working memory
  • inhibition

Smiley face

Ahmadizadeh, M. J., & Taheri, M. (2022). Investigating the efficacy of brain training by using virtual reality and real shooting on the shooting skills of students of a military university. Journal of Military Medicine, 21(2), 153-160.
bayatian, A., & Shirvanipour, S. (2023). The acute effect of various protocols of training on shooting performance and postural control in the military officers. Journal of Sports and Biomotor Sciences, 15(29), 117-125. doi: 10.22034/sbs.2023.380348.0.
Brewer, G. A., Ball, B. H., & Ware, J. M. (2016). Individual differences in working memory capacity and shooting behavior. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 5(2), 185-191.
farzadi F, behrozy N, shehniyailagh M, omidian M. (2020). Investigating the pychometric caracteristics of a nw scale of executive function of delays and disturbances in executive functioning and learning: Scale of executive functions, attention and learning performance. Journal of Psychological Science. 19(96), 1607-1624.
Fatehi Dehaghani F. Ma, Badami R. (2017). The impact of acceptance and commitment-based therapy on job stress, metacognitive beliefs, attention and shooting performance among military personnel. Journal of military Psychology Vol 8, No 29, Spring 2017 Page: 19-28.
Ghaemi F, Rostami R, Mirkamali S M, Salehi K. Systematic and analytical review of theories, components and models of executive functions of the brain. Rooyesh 2021; 10 (6):211-226.
Hasanzade Sore, S., Molla Noroozi, K., Kashi, A., & Namazizadeh, M. (2022). The effect of cognitive training on the performance accuracy of elite athletes in pistol shooting. Motor Behavior, -. doi: 10.22089/mbj.2022.12114.2015.
Ilbeigi S, Nikbin L, Afzalpour ME. The effect of six weeks of core stability exercise on pain and trunk muscle endurance in girl students with chronic non-specific low back pain. Journal title. 2014;2(2):5-13.
Jamro, D., Zurek, G., Dulnik, M., Lachowicz, M., & Lenart, D. (2022). Executive function   level in cadets’ shooting performance. International Journal of Environmental Research and   Public Health, 19(10), 6007.
Karami E, Radfar H, Zarei H. Factors affecting the accuracy and performance of shooting in both military and sports fields: A review of the literature. EBNESINA 2023; 25 (1):65-74.
Mehmanpazir, M., & Farokhi, N. (2021). Executive function, emotion regulation and working memory in Students with and without anxiety.. Journal of Educational Psychology Studies, 18(44), 19-1. doi: 10.22111/jeps.2021.6535.
Mohammadyari, S., Amirian, M., & Zohrabi, A. R. (2022). Changes in Some Physiological (Cortisol), Psychological (Cognitive, Physical and Self-Confidence) and Functional Shooting Factors After a Course of Mental Imagery Training in Military Students. Military Psychology13(50), 69-82.
Naji., A., & Karami., M.. (2019). Prediction of Shooting Performance with Cognitive Readiness, Cognitive Emotion Regulation and Mindfulness. JOURNAL OF MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY (JMP), 10(38), 45-56. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/190077/en.
Nourizadeh S, Mirjani M, Naserpour H. The Relationship Between Core Stability, Muscular Endurance, and Static Balance, and Shooting Function in Military Soldiers. J Sport Biomech 2019; 5 (1):62-71.
O'Callaghan, L., Foweather, L., Crotti, M., Oppici, L., Pesce, C., Boddy, L., ... & Rudd, J. (2024). Associations of physical activity dose and movement quality with executive functions in socioeconomically disadvantaged children aged 5–6 years. Psychology of sport and exercise, 70, 102546.
Ramezani A, Hosseini M. Study of Shooting Accuracy and Fatigue of Leg Muscles After Eight Weeks of Resistance Training in Shooters Men With a Inflatable Pistol. J Sport Biomech 2019; 4 (4):66-77.
Ranjbar, J., Bagherian, S., & Ranjbar, M. J. (2022). The Effectiveness of Brain Executive Functions Training on Working Memory Students with Math Learning Disabilitie. Research in Child and Adolescent Psychotherapy, 1(1), 43-53. doi: 10.22098/rcap.2022.2081.
Sartori, R. F., Mezavilla, D., Nobre, G. C., & Fonseca, R. P. (2020). Do executive functions discriminate sports performance in young soccer athletes?. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 46(9).
Scharfen, H. E., & Memmert, D. (2019). The relationship between cognitive functions and sport-specific motor skills in elite youth soccer players. Frontiers in psychology, 10, 817.
Seyed Purmand N S, Issazadegan A, Soleymani E. (2022). Examining of working memory and cognitive flexibility based on high/low levels of worry and intolerance of uncertainty. Journal of Psychological Science. 21(113), 939-952.
Soleiman Beigi, S., Ghasemian Moghadam, M. R., & Zareian, E. (2020). The Relative Contribution of Core Executive Functions in Shooting Performance Prediction. Motor Behavior, 12(41), 39-54. doi: 10.22089/mbj.2020.8659.1872
Soltani, H., Abdoli, B., Farsi, A., & Haghparast, A. (2022). The effect of resistance training intervention on cognitive functions in heroin-dependent men. Journal of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, 29(1), 77-87.
Vestberg, T., Reinebo, G., Maurex, L., Ingvar, M., & Petrovic, P. (2017). Core executive functions are associated with success in young elite soccer players. PloS one, 12(2), e0170845.
Vestberg, T., Reinebo, G., Maurex, L., Ingvar, M., & Petrovic, P. (2017). Core executive functions are associated with success in young elite soccer players. PloS one, 12(2), e0170845.
Xiang, M., Li, G., Ye, J., Wu, M., Xu, R., & Hu, M. (2023). Effects of combined physical and cognitive training on executive function of adolescent shooting athletes: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study. Sports Medicine and Health Science 19(6).
Yousefpour Dehaghani, A., Akbari, A., & Amini, A. (2020). The Impact of a Period of Sleep Deprivation on the Selective Attention, Concentration, Effortfulness and Shooting Scores of Military Personnel. Military Psychology11(43), 49-60.
Yousefpour dehaghani, A., Rajabi, H., moradi, L., Reza Soltani, Z., & Eliaspour, D. (2023). The effect of resistance training and neurofeedback on shooting performance in military beginners. Military Psychology, 14(2), 55-75